SCORE (Eclipse Safe Open Vehicle Core)

Background

With the upcoming of central EE architectures in vehicles, computing power has been upgraded on few central components called ‘High Performance Computers’ or HPC. Together with these computing units comes an upgrade of operating systems towards multi-threaded schedulers with memory and resource separation in processes. There is a gap between these operating systems and the application layer that requires a common interface with functions and features for applications and application domains. The sum of these common and domain-agnostic functions is generally called “Middleware”. The project uses the term “Core Software Stack” for this kind of functionality in differentiation to domain specific software stacks.

Scope

The scope of this project is the development of an open source core stack for Software Defined Vehicles (SDVs), specifically targeting embedded high-performance Electronic Control Units (ECUs).

Safe Open Vehicle Core is targeting to be the non-differentiating core of a software stack running on HPC ECUs of a software-defined vehicle. Consequently, this project’s scope are the “inner layers” of such a stack between a hardware abstraction as its ‘lower bound’, ‘southbound interface’ and a platform API towards vehicle function applications as its ‘upper bound’, ‘northbound interface’.

Out of scope are said applications running on this stack (those carry the differentiating aspects covered by adopters of the stack). As well out of scope are any aspects related to a concrete hardware target, which will be freely chosen by each adopter individually, as per the needs of and as they see fit with their vehicle architecture — except support for a potential reference hardware. Furthermore, any off-board functionality (e.g. cloud services) is considered out of scope. Looking beyond mere implementations in code, the project very well considers establishing concepts and implementations of processes, or a “way of doing things”, or best practices to be in scope — but only as long as it pertains to making code fit for automotive grade.

Guiding Principles

The project aims to BUILD THE BEST AUTOMOTIVE RUNTIME SOLUTION ONLY ONCE. To achieve this, it is guided by several key principles.

Common Stack & Industry-Wide Collaboration

The Safe Open Vehicle Core project aims to create a common full stack solution of a software runtime that serves as the best possible solution for shared industry problems. By achieving efficiencies through a single, joint solution instead of multiple specific ones, the project addresses non-differentiating scopes and ensures that the scope is significant for multiple parties, rather than catering to singular interests.

Speed

The project accelerates development by working in open source, focusing on code-centric and iterative methods rather than primarily on textual specifications.

Abstraction and Extensibility

The project emphasizes the decoupling of hardware (HW) and software (SW), ensuring that applications do not depend on specific hardware characteristics. It establishes predetermined breaking points to enable the exchange of implementations of individual layers, aspects, and components, such as ECU communication protocols. Additionally, it focuses on enabling project-specific extensions of the stack, providing a flexible framework that can be customized and extended to meet the specific requirements of different projects.

Quality & Efficiency

The Safe Open Vehicle Core project aims for a lean, no-frills solution to lower complexity and increase efficiency. The project strives for support of modern implementation paradigms and languages like Rust or C++, uses human-readable specification languages that are domain and target-driven, and avoids complex exchange data formats. It seeks the optimal balance between modularity and resource consumption and follows state-of-the-art processes to develop safe and secure software in an open source environment.

By achieving these goals and adhering to these key principles, the Safe Open Vehicle Core Project aims to deliver a versatile, safe and secure core stack that supports the evolving needs of the automotive industry and accelerates the adoption of software-defined vehicle technologies.

Architecture

The following figures show a draft version of the planned architecture of the core stack. The architecture will be refined further as part of the project.

High Level View on the Core Stack

The following high level architecture picture gives you an overview of the main platform building blocks including hardware specific peripherals.

High level view on the core stack

Target Picture of Core Stack - PRELIMINARY

The following image shows platform architecture in more details including surroundings as Board support package (BSP) and HW specific.

Target picture the core stack (preliminary)

Infrastructure

The tooling used in this project is depicted in the following figure.

Infrastructure overview

In general, all tooling is made available as open source and comes either from other open source projects or is developed in the context of the SCORE project. The whole infrastructure is based on a build system called bazel. All workflows such as cloning the repositories, building the software, generation of documentation, testing and much more are automated using bazel. This provides every project user with the same user experience. To start working with bazel in the SCORE project, you should check this introduction page.

For documenting the process, requirements and architecture we rely on sphinx and it’s extension sphinx-needs. For small diagrams we use PlantUML sphinx-needs extensions, for larger diagrams we use draw.io.

We support both C++ and Rust programming languages. Software development is done in both languages. Decision which language to choose is done during architecture process. In general, C++ should be used only for the existing modules, that are taken over or referenced by the SCORE project. For new features and components we aim to develop the code mostly in Rust, as it seems to be more suitable for development compliant to ISO 26262:2018.

We use gtest/gmock for unit testing and ITF (Integration testing framework) for component and integration tests. ITF was originally developed by one of the initial partners of the SCORE project and provided to the community as open source project. Integration tests are executed both in virtual environment and on the reference hardware.

Roadmap

Here you can find the preliminary roadmap of the project:

project roadmap

Please be aware, that this roadmap will be also transfered to the GitHub project. Please follow this link to get the latest state of the planning.

MVP Phase

The main goals of the MVP Phase are following:

  • establish a working infrastructure, that enables every developer of the project to specify requirements and architecture, implement code and test it accordingly.

  • set-up project structure, that covers all aspects of the open source software development including cooperation between developers and teams, planning, creation of the roadmaps and coordination meetings.

  • define a software development process compliant to ISO 26262:2018, that is a prerequiste for any other software development in the project.

A lot of preparation was already done in the background, therefore we are quite optimistic to finish the MVP Phase latest in the beginning of 2025.

Alignment Phase

In the Alignment Phase the main goal is to align on the feature architecture and requirements of the SCORE Platform v1.0. Additionally it is important to define the roadmap and the order, in which the features should be implemented.

Development Phase

The Development Phase is the phase, where the implementation of the main modules of the platform should happen. The most important milestone here is the Release v0.5, that should contain the basic modules, e.g IPC. The Release v0.5 milestone will show, whether previously defined software development process will work and how big is the acceptance and the interest of the automotive community to the project.

Series Stability & Evolution Phase

In this phase the project should be in an well established state and accepted by the community. Continious development of the features is taking place.

How we Work

Meetings

The following regular meetings (and corresponding meeting minutes) are held as part of the project:

The dates will be announced via the score-dev@eclipse.org mailing list.

We plan to start regular exchange in the scope of the SCORE project in December 2024.

Partners

The people working in this project are listed here.

How to contribute

For contribution How-To please check the contribution guide contribution guide.